For decades scientists from all over the world are trying to predict the possible fate of the Earth, taking into account the processes occurring in it at the moment. Modern researchers have to rely solely on calculations and theoretical models, with no examples. But astronomers from NASA and European Space Agency are confident that in the distant future the Earth will be very similar to the largest satellite of Saturn – Titan – in its current guise.
"We know that Titan is very different from today's Earth, but most likely it can be said about tomorrow's Earth – says Jonathan Lunin the University of Arizona, arguing in his article published in the journal Planetary and Space Science, the results of probe Huugens.
According to scientists, stereoscopic images of Titan's surface taken by the probe, saying that on Titan are mountains, which cover the winding "drainage" channels through which flows the liquid methane, at times fall as rain . But the interesting thing is that instead of the oceans on the surface of Saturn were discovered solid sand dunes on the plains of the extent of which reaches tens of kilometers.
"The rains in the deserts of the Earth falls about once every few months – reminded Lunin. – But with respect to Titan can talk about the hundreds or thousands of years that pass between rains. Because Titan is farther from the Sun than Earth, he needs a lot more solar energy for evaporation of methane in the atmosphere and the appearance of rain clouds. "
The fact that Saturn has a cycle of methane similar to the water cycle in the Earth's atmosphere the stories of scientists makes the Titan, "the best analogue of the Earth." "All of methane processes that go on Saturn are similar to terrestrial processes, in which water is involved – says Lunin. – But this is not a Titan, the oceans, and ever the same fate awaits the Earth: high activity of the Sun with global warming do the same as the Earth and Titan " .
Tag Archives: The Earth
The Future of the Earth was creepy
According to scientists, the Earth will die from the Big Bang.
The conclusion that scientists have made the Institute for Space Research, plunges into shock. According to their statements, end of the world come as a result of the explosion.
Forecast researchers involves repetition of the process occurring on the ground more than 13 billion years ago, when a sufficiently big bang the universe was born. The second explosion could put an end to this life, and result end of the world universal scale. However, scientists have minded not too optimistic, there are opponents to the view that different. If we examine this concept, the galaxies and stars within them, arose from a singular point. At that time it had collected all the universal protomatter.
According to the opinion, in a scientific conference held in Moscow, has been put forward another hypothesis about how the universe originated.
The processes taking place in the universe at the initial stages of its development and designate it the subsequent evolution, is one of the main topics discussed by scientists.
Yuri Zaitsev, Head of Press Service, which operates at the Institute of Space Research Institute in an interview to "Interfax" reported that the modern cosmology, astronomy, studying under the laws of the universe, has recently incorporated and constantly explores questions about the nature of dark matter and of dark energy.
Like the advocates of this hypothesis, since the beginning of the universe, it began to grow, as a result of the galaxy were gradually removed. It was believed that their removal slowed down due to gravitational effects. But some time later it was determined that the universe is expanding with the inherent acceleration. In a literal sense there is some effect that causes the galaxies to disperse.
As suggested, scientists, such an effect comes from the special energy of the cosmos, in which all the galaxies are, without exception, and gave her the name "dark energy".
It is believed that the dark energy lead to what will come end of the world.
It is assumed that the big bang has transformed existed at the time a particular form of energy into matter , which gave rise to the universe in the form in which we can see her now. As the researchers explain that with the discovery of dark energy clearly indicates the part of the energy of the primary order is not passed into the matter.
Therefore, the energy that remains is the possibility, at any moment turn into a matter, therefore, the second large explosion would cause, whichever occurs end of the world, that will destroy the universe. The representative of SRI said that the probability of this event depends on the case, since dark energy is a system which has an unstable condition.
However, some scientists do not consider this hypothesis plausible. Sergei Lamzin, Deputy Chairman of the Scientific Council at the State Institute of Astronomy of the name Sternberg believes that our planet is not in danger, as dark energy, and if able to influence the universe, it is only after tens of billions of years. According to him, the planet Earth will not live up to this point, because presumably through 4.5 billion years old turn off the sun and end of the world sooner.
What is the probability of an asteroid falling to earth? What will happen to our planet in this case?
Animation in which an asteroid collides with Jupiter, clearly shows what can happen if the same thing again with the earth.
To the left you can contemplate how our planet looks from that of the asteroid that is approaching us.
Earth … You’re mother of human life in our solar system, is flying to you … mass of stone, although this block in the space of the cosmos, only a pathetic piece of sand. This tithe is able to kill all life on Earth.
In just a few hours, as the asteroid enters the dense layers of our atmosphere. A bright flash in the sky, a ball of fire ball of death coming to the surface. Someone to live the last minute. The speed with which this cosmic bullet enters the Earth is huge, comes back the apocalypse.
And then will come into force the laws of physics: the wave will vzdyblivatsya earth, water, the surface of the planet’s crust begins to melt, water will reach the huge feet in height. It becomes clear that such a wave of collapse instantly. At the epicenter of the collision of two celestial bodies are alive will die at once, and then death awaits those who fall by the blast wave.
And what will happen to those who survived? Sadly their future. Dust, which rises into the air for many years to shut out the sun, come nuclear winter. Flakes of snow and dust will fall onto the surface of the planet. All animals and plants that are large in size, will die, and when the sun’s rays pierce this armor, it can be seen that the flora and fauna too thinned out. A sad picture.
Following this reasoning, could not help wonder when this might happen and what should be an asteroid?
Eric Asphog and Stephen Ward wrote an article that was published in June 2003, the journal Geophysical Journal International. This article states that it is possible that in 2880 16 March, the Earth may encounter a small planet whose name 1950 DA. That this can happen, we can say with a probability of 0.3%. But if such a meeting take place, such a space the visitor can flop, for example, in the Atlantic Ocean. Then there will be a script that shows the computer model. Rises a huge tsunami, which hit the east coast soon America and western coasts of Europe. A lot of cities will disappear forever from the face of the earth. Do not hit London, Boston, Amsterdam, New York and so on.
Many experts believe that such extraterrestrial wiped from the face of the Earth’s dinosaurs.
Knowing that the date is quite far end of the world, the reason for it – drop the asteroid, now you can settle down, until such times we simply do not survive, then put the point, if not for one thing … We mentioned above that the development is such an event is equal to 0.3%, which means that until the end of the world put aside, but do not know for how long. Although, as said, is at the end of the world has its own date. Look at the picture right, so will our planet look like at the end of its evolutionary path in 5 billion years.
Earth under threat of assassins – asteroids.
What happens to our planet, if its path met one of the thousands of asteroids that are at a crazy speed sweep through the universe and crush thorns along the way every living thing has many names – Armageddon, End of the World, apocalypse. If the Earth in a meteorite fall of the ocean is small, a huge wave will carry on her face many of the city, causing billions of people perish. What if instead of a small meteorite on the planet grohnetsya giant asteroid, then the universe one planet will be less.
Such a threat is unlikely in nature, but no matter how unfortunate it is very real. Many countries are investing huge sums on it to keep track of the movement the main contenders in a collision with our planet and on time, if possible, to prevent a catastrophe on a global scale. However, the diligent search of asteroids, the more real probability Earth collision with an asteroid followed by end of the world.
The staff of the International Astronomical Union in 1100 have already found space objects that are in the solar system, with dimensions greater than 800 m in cross section and are considered potential killers of the human race. Side by side with them for nearly 100 000 celestial objects a little smaller, which also pose a threat, and each of them is able to erase from the Earth city or cause a tsunami of local scale.
Asteroid Apophis, which is at No. 99 942 at the moment is the scientists are serious concerns. According to their calculations, in 2029 it will sweep in close proximity to the Earth, namely 30 thousand kilometers. The possibility of collision with another recently equated as 1:5500. As you know, Astronomical Congress, held in Prague, has reduced this probability to 1:30000, but this ratio is a strong concern.
Astronomical Union to escape the fate Apocalypse for the Earth, created the special nature of the service, in which there are hunters Asteroids. A scientist from the University of Hawaii, Nick Kaiser, a member of the special group of hunters voiced principle of operation, in which it operates. He stated that the purpose of life is to find the killers from space, before they find us. But as soon as the service began to operate, its members were horrified, as understood, the more they will look for potential assassins, the more they will be found and the greater the fear of death. David Morrison, a NASA expert said that earlier have been opened such new objects within one year, and now they show up every week.
The result of these discoveries can lead to panic. And may well be the opposite – absolute indifference and questionable sense of peace and security, while repeated warnings about the likelihood of collisions cease to be something serious: the type, how many times we talked about the upcoming end of the world, and he never happened.
In 2029, Earth may collide with an asteroid.
AP reports that NASA representatives have suggested that the Earth once again in danger from outer space, where a in 2029 could fatally encounter a planet with a large asteroid, who was named 2004 MN4.
Probability cosmic catastrophe, according to the calculations, is approximately 1 to 300. But since this asteroid is still quite far away and still poorly understood, these data can not be considered final. It is likely that later, during a thorough investigation and calculation of the chance of collision greatly reduced.
Although it is not too high a probability of doomsday, the astronomers calculated the possible date of potential collision – April 13, 2029 gogda.
If it still happens, it could happen on Earth as a huge failure on the continents and a giant tsunami. The diameter of the asteroid 2004 MN4, according to the ideas of astronomers is about 396 meters, and energy, which can be released in the collision, estimated by them at 1600 Mt.
If you had no small celestial body in accordance with the scale of Turin, in which scientists evaluate its potential danger to the planet, did not get estimates over a single score, then the Asteroid received as much as two out of 10 .
The very scale of assessment risk of an asteroid to Earth become the official tool for astronomers in 1999. On her new-found each of the solar system small celestial body, after assessing its size and weight, speed and potential probabilities of collision with our planet, gets his point.
As soon for the asteroid will be to direct observation of the observatories in the plans of the scientists of his detailed and careful study.
The vagaries of nature and the end of the world
A great many species of flora and fauna have disappeared from the face of our planet and continue to disappear. I wonder whether the man and expect a similar end? Knowing the law and the whims of our nature, it is safe to say that she does not like to repeat, if we are destined to disappear, and then we will not show up again. And the king in the animal world just can hardly be called human, so there is a lot of examples where the less developed creatures were left helpless people to their deeds. In the 19th century in Africa, there was a mass migration of formic acid. These insects are swept away everything in its path, the route of the journey is not spared none of the village. It would seem that such a small bukashechki not cause serious damage, but no, together, they represent too much risk. A friend to all the locust after its forays into the fields have no choice. Humanity is struggling with it for more than a century, but until victory is on the side of insects. If you go away those animals that feed on it, the end of the world may come from hunger, because all plants will be destroyed. Natural balance is easily upset, but it is very difficult to restore. For example: the rivers of Florida have been planted by people hyacinths, they have grown so that there simply can not swim, have brought considerable damage to the rabbits, which were brought to Australia, people are often remembered and regretted the fact that once killed all the pigeons in several cities Europe.
Land for global disaster, after which the planet will recover almost 10 million years.
In the year 2252006 end of the world still happens. This conclusion was made by paleontologists and geologists from the Netherlands, when studying fossils found during the excavation. Their age is more than 22 million years.
As explained by Alexei Rozanov, is the director of the Paleontological Institute of RAS – all of these calculations are for a reason that 2.5 million years is the average life span of mammals. From this time, you must subtract 250 thousand years, mankind has already lived, what you get – our remaining years in the plan Earth.
Dutch paleontologists believe that it is every 2.5 million years, the orbit of the planet undergoes a blue shift by virtue of any space factors. Such phenomena do not allow to get closer to the Sun, the Earth, which, in fact, very nice, otherwise overheating can kill the entire planet. Instead of scorching rays, cosmic our house gets cool. But scientists are confident that the next ice age people can not survive as it is the most severe of all those who have already been.
Academic Rozanov said that if scientists from the Netherlands and right, humanity simply can not live up to the glacial period, as the dangers of too much now. Many viruses roam the planet, ozone remains small, it is possible that an asteroid would hit Earth in, and write off the war not worth it, the world situation is tense. It turns out that the Ice Age should not be afraid, but then, why be afraid?
For example, the Ordovician period, or rather its end, marked by the extinction of the huge amount of shellfish that swim along with the plankton at the surface of seas and oceans, as well as those who lived on the land. Those who lived deep in the water, almost not affected, but that’s what the strangest thing, those who were closest to the surface, has survived a lot more depth. However, the unique and the case, which occurred with trilobites – 90% of brachiopods survived.
There were scientists who believed that their death occurred due to gamma radiation from the Sun, suggest that the clams that lived in shallow waters, have died because of thirst banal. The glacier, which are advancing and advancing, took with him the water from the places where the depth was relatively large.
And this situation may also again be repeated. The ice is constantly moving, melting in their place grow more.
The most recent studies show that if the planet Earth most natural dies, then restore the flora and fauna will be about 10 million years. This figure is much greater than that which was considered before that time. Only two extinct species, are able to restore its position during the same time a huge running start.
The findings do not promise anything good, especially when you know the opinions of experts that in the next century the planet will not be nearly half of today’s fauna and flora.